Top 43 Devops Interview Questions & Answers 2024

Devops Interview Questions

Q1.Explain what DevOps is?

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It is a newly emerging term in the IT field, which is nothing but a practice that emphasizes the collaboration and communication of both software developers and deployment(operations) team. It focuses on delivering software product faster and lowering the failure rate of releases.

Q2.What are the key components of DevOps?

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The most important components of DevOps are:

Continuous Integration

Continuous Testing

Continuous Delivery

Continuous Monitoring

Q3.Name a few cloud platform which are used for DevOps Implementation

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Popular Cloud computing platform used for DevOps implementation are:

Google Cloud

Amazon Web Services

Microsoft Azure

Q4.Give some benefits of using Version Control system

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The version Control system allows team members to work freely on any file at any time.

All the past versions and variants are closely packed up inside the VCS.

A distributed VCS like helps you to store the complete history of the project so in case of a breakdown in the central server you can use your team member’s local Git repository.

Allows you to see what exact changes are made in the file’s content

Q5.Explain Git Bisect

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Git bisect helps you to find the commit which introduced a bug using binary search.

Q6.What is the build?

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A build is a method in which the source code is put together to check whether it works as a single unit.  In the build creation process, the source code will undergo compilation, inspection, testing, and deployment.

Q7.What is Puppet?

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Puppet is a useful project management tool. It helps you to automate administration tasks.

Q8.Explain two-factor authentication

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Two-factor authentication is a security method in which the user provides two ways of identification from separate categories.

Q9.Explain the term ‘Canary Release’.

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A canary release is a pattern which reduces the risk of introducing a new version software into the production environment. It is done by making it available in a controlled manner to a subset of the user. Before making it available to the complete user set.

Q10.What types of testing is important to ensure that new service is ready for production?

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You need to conduct continuous testing to ensure that the new service is ready for production.

Q11.What is Vagrant?

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A vagrant is a tool which can create and manage virtualized environments for testing and developing software.

Q12.What is the use of PTR in DNS?

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Pointer record which is also known as (PTR) is used for reverse DNS lookup.

Q13.What is Chef?

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It is a powerful automation platform which transforms infrastructure into code.  In this tool, you can use write scripts that are used to automate processes.

Q14.What are the prerequisites for the implementation of DevOps?

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Following are the useful prerequisites for DevOps Implementation:

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At least one Version Control Software

Proper communication between the team members

Automated testing

Automated deployment

Q15.Name some best practices which should be followed for DevOps success.

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Here, are essential best practices for DevOps implementation:

–

The speed of delivery means time taken for any task to get them into the production environment.

Track how many defects are found in the various

It’s important to measure the actual or the average time that it takes to recover in case of a failure in the production environment.

The number of bugs being reported by the customer also impact the quality of the application.

Devops Interview Questions For 3 Years Experience

Q16.Explain SubGIt tool

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SubGit helps you to migrate SVN to Git. It also allows you to build a writable Git mirror of a local or remote Subversion repository.

Q17.Name some important network monitoring tools

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Some most prominent network monitoring tools are:

–

Splunk

Icinga 2

Wireshark

Nagios

OpenNMS

Q18.Whether your video card can run Unity how would you know?

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When you use a command

–

/usr/lib/Linux/unity_support_test-p

it will give detailed output about Unity’s requirements, and if they are met, then your video card can run unity.

Q19.Explain how to enable startup sound in Ubuntu?

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To enable startup sound

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Click control gear and then click on Startup Applications

In the Startup Application Preferences window, click Add to add an entry

Then fill the information in comment boxes like Name, Command, and Comment

/usr/bin/canberra-gtk-play—id= “desktop-login”—description= “play login sound”

Logout and then login once you are done

You can also open it with shortcut key Ctrl+Alt+T.

Q20.What is the quickest way to open an Ubuntu terminal in a particular directory?

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To open an Ubuntu terminal in a particular directory, you can use custom keyboard short cut.

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To do that, in the command field of a new custom keyboard, type genome – terminal – – working – directory = /path/to/dir.

Q21.Mention what the key aspects or principle behind DevOps are?

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The key aspects or principle behind DevOps is

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Infrastructure as code

Continuous deployment

Automation

Monitoring

Security

Q22.What are the core operations of DevOps with application development and with infrastructure?

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The core operations of DevOps are

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Application development: –

Code building

Code coverage

Unit testing

Packaging

Deployment

Infrastructure

Provisioning

Configuration

Orchestration

Deployment

Q23.Explain how “Infrastructure code” is processed or executed in AWS?

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In AWS,

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The code for infrastructure will be in simple JSON format

This JSON code will be organized into files called templates

This templates can be deployed on AWS devops and then managed as stacks

Later the CloudFormation service will do the Creating, deleting, updating, etc. operation in the stack

Q24.Explain which scripting language is most important for a DevOps engineer?

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A simpler scripting language will be better for a DevOps engineer. Python seems to be very popular.

Q25.Explain how DevOps is helpful to developers?

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DevOps can be helpful to developers to fix the bug and implement new features quickly.  It also helps for clearer communication between the team members.

Q26.List out some popular tools for DevOps?

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Some of the popular tools for DevOps are

–

Jenkins

Nagios

Monit

ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)

Jenkins

Docker

Ansible

Git

Q27.Explain how you can update Memcached when data changes?

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When data changes you can update Memcached by

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Clearing the Cache proactively: Clearing the cache when an insert or update is made

Resetting the Cache: It is similar to the first method but rather than just deleting the keys and waiting for the next request for the data to refresh the cache, reset the values after the insert or update.

Q28.Explain what Dogpile effect is? How can you prevent this effect?

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Dogpile effect is referred to the event when a cache expires, and websites are hit by the multiple requests made by the client at the same time. This effect can be prevented by using a semaphore lock. In this system when value expires, the first process acquires the lock and starts generating new value.

Q29.Explain how Memcached should not be used?

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Memcached common misuse is to use it as a data store, and not as a cache

Never use Memcached as the only source of the information you need to run your application. Data should always be available through another source as well

Memcached is just a key or value store and cannot perform a query over the data or iterate over the contents to extract information

Memcached does not offer any form of security either in encryption or authentication

Q30.When a server gets shut down does data stored in Memcached is still available?

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Data stored in Memcached is not durable, so if a server is shut down or restarted, then all the data stored in Memcached is deleted.

Best Devops Interview Questions And Answers

Q31.Mention what the difference between Memcache and Memcached?

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Memcache: It is an extension that allows you to work through handy object-oriented (OOP’s) and procedural interfaces. It is designed to reduce database load in dynamic web applications.

Memcached: It is an extension that uses the libmemcached library to provide API for communicating with Memcached servers. It is used to increase the dynamic web applications by alleviating database load. It is the latest API.

Q32.Explain Blue/Green Deployment Pattern

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Blue/Green coloring pattern addresses the most important challenges faced during the automatic deployment process.  In Blue/ Green Deployment approach, you need to ensure two identical production environment. However, only one among them is LIVE at any given point of time. The LIVE environment is called Blue environment.

–

When the team prepares the next release of their software, they conduct their final stage of testing in an environment which is known as Green environment. Once verified, the traffic is routed to the Green environment.

Q33.What are the containers?

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Containers are from of lightweight virtualization. They offer isolation among processes.

Q34.Mention at what instance have you used the SSH?

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I have used SSH to log into a remote machine and work on the command line.  Beside this, I have also used it to tunnel into the system in order to facilitate secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network.

Q35.What is Version control?

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Its the system that records changes are the file or set of the files over time so that you can recall specific versions later.

Q36.What are the containers?

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Containers are the of lightweight virtualization, heavier than ‘chroot’ but lighter than ‘hypervisors’. They provide isolation among processes

Q37.What is meant by Continuous Integration?

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It is a development practice that requires are  developers to integrate code into the shared repository several times a day.

Q38.What’s a PTR in DNS?

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Pointer (PTR) record to used for the revers DNS (Domain Name System) lookup.

Q39.What testing is necessary to insure a new service is ready for production?

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Continuous testing

Q40.What is Continuous Testing?

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It is the process of  executing on tests as part of the software delivery pipelines to obtain can immediate for  feedback is the business of the risks associated with in the latest  build.

Q41.What is Automation Testing?

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Automation testing or Test Automation is a process of  the automating that  manual process to test the application/system under test.

Q42.What are the key elements of continuous testing?

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Risk assessments, policy analysis, requirements traceabilities, advanced analysis, test optimisation, and service virtualisations

Q43.What are the Testing types supported by Selenium?

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Regression testing and functional testing

–

Also Read>> Top Selenium Interview Questions & Answers

Q44.What is Puppet?

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It is a Configuration Management tool which is used to the automate administration of the tasks.

Q45.How does HTTP work?

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The HTTP protocol are works in a client and server model like most other protocols. A web browser using which a request is initiated is called as a client and a web servers software which are the responds to that request is called a server. World Wide Web Consortium of the Internet Engineering Task Force are two importants spokes are the standardization of the HTTP protocol.

Q46.Describe two-factor authentication?

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Two-factors authentication are the security process in which the user to provides two means of  the identification from separate categories of credentials.

Q47.What is git add?

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adds the file changes to the staging area

Q48.Explain how you would handle revision (version) control?

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My approach to handling revision control would be to post the code on SourceForge or GitHub so everyone can view it.  Also, I will post the checklist from the last revision to make sure that any unsolved issues are resolved.

Q49.What are the types of Http requests?

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The types of Http requests are

–

GET

HEAD

PUT

POST

PATCH

DELETE

TRACE

CONNECT

OPTIONS

Conclusion:

By now, you’re armed with a comprehensive list of essential DevOps interview questions, compiled with expert insights. Remember, this is just the beginning of your interview preparation journey.

Here’s how to leverage this knowledge:

• Deepen Your Understanding: Research each question thoroughly, exploring the concepts in detail.
• Practice Makes Perfect: Rehearse your answers out loud, simulating an interview setting.
• Tailor Your Responses: Align your answers with the specific company’s DevOps practices and values.
• Prepare Beyond the List: While this list covers a wide range, be ready for additional, unexpected questions.
• Stay Updated: DevOps is a rapidly evolving field. Continuously learn and expand your knowledge base.

With dedication and preparation, you’ll be well on your way to conquering your DevOps interview and landing your dream job!

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